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MRCS PART A · CONCEPT 01

Groin anatomy & hernia routes

Explore the relationships. Change the finding. Test the explanation.
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Choose a landmark

Six relationships to use before memorising a diagnosis.

The dividing landmark for inguinal sacs

Inferior epigastric vessels

A sac neck medial to these vessels points to a direct route; a neck lateral to them entering the deep ring points to an indirect route. Classify by the neck of the sac, rather than the direction of a large swelling.

Check this source

Relationship map · not a physical anatomical illustration

Above the inguinal ligament
Below the inguinal ligament
References and further reading

Original Clinora learning material. Reference check: 2 October 2026. Some descriptions vary between anatomy texts; this lesson distinguishes conventional exam relationships from real anatomical variation.

Official MRCS candidate guidance