Endocrinology, neurology and neurosurgery · FICTIONAL CASE

Thunderclap headache, ophthalmoplegia and falling blood pressure

Recognise pituitary apoplexy, protect against adrenal failure and coordinate urgent endocrine, ophthalmic and neurosurgical assessment.

Recognition, endocrine rescue and urgent imaging15 minutes0/3 decisions explored
PAUSE BEFORE USING

This is educational content, not a clinical protocol. Verify current guidance, use local pathways and seek appropriate senior or specialist help.

THE CASE

A fictional 52-year-old develops sudden severe headache, vomiting, ptosis and diplopia, followed by hypotension and reduced alertness.

01 · INITIAL PRESENTATION

Listen for the assumption.

SHO

The CT head was reported without subarachnoid haemorrhage, so I planned analgesia and observation.

Registrar

The ocular palsy, visual risk and haemodynamic change suggest pituitary apoplexy. Draw endocrine samples if this causes no delay and treat suspected cortisol deficiency urgently.

SHO

I will arrange MRI and contact endocrinology and neurosurgery now.

WHERE IS THE CONSULTANT?

Choose an answer below and reveal the reasoning to see consultant feedback at every checkpoint. The full consultant-led synthesis follows after all three decisions.

Go to the first decision ↓
EVOLVING INFORMATION

The picture develops.

  1. Acute severe headache with ocular motor palsy
  2. Hypotension and reduced consciousness
  3. Routine CT does not explain the syndrome
02 · DECISION CHECKPOINTS

Commit before you reveal.

After you select an option, reveal the model reasoning and the consultant’s feedback.

DECISION 1What diagnosis must remain prominent?
DECISION 2What treatment should not wait in a haemodynamically compromised patient?
DECISION 3What specialist coordination is required?
03 · CONSULTANT-LED SYNTHESIS

Hear the senior team refine the plan.

The registrar tests the plan, the consultant synthesises the key principle, and the SHO confirms the safer next steps.

Registrar

Document acuity, pupils, eye movements, visual fields where feasible, consciousness, sodium and haemodynamics.

Consultant

Stabilise first, obtain the correct imaging and coordinate the endocrine-neurosurgical decision without serial handoffs causing delay.

SHO

I will make the visual and haemodynamic trajectory explicit at every review.

CLINORA DECISION TRACE
01 · CUESudden headache with ocular palsy, visual risk and hypotension
02 · INTERPRETPituitary apoplexy with possible acute cortisol deficiency
03 · ACTGive endocrine rescue when indicated and obtain urgent MRI and specialist input
SAFETY CHECK

What must remain explicit.

  • Use current Society for Endocrinology and local pituitary-apoplexy guidance.
  • Do not delay emergency glucocorticoid treatment in an unstable patient.
  • Record serial visual and neurological findings.
COMMON ERRORS

Where reasoning fails.

  • Closing the diagnosis after routine CT
  • Delayed glucocorticoid treatment
  • Fragmented specialist referrals
STRUCTURED HANDOVER
Suspected pituitary apoplexy with onset [time], consciousness/haemodynamics [trend], ocular and visual findings [trend], endocrine samples/treatment [times], MRI [status] and specialist decision [owner].
REFLECTIVE PAUSE

Which team coordinates pituitary apoplexy out of hours in your hospital?