Gastroenterology, hepatology and critical care · FICTIONAL CASE

Jaundice, coagulopathy and a narrowing transfer window

Recognise acute liver failure, gather the information that changes prognosis and discuss transfer before encephalopathy makes it unsafe.

Early recognition and transplant-centre communication17 minutes0/3 decisions explored
PAUSE BEFORE USING

This is educational content, not a clinical protocol. Verify current guidance, use local pathways and seek appropriate senior or specialist help.

THE CASE

A fictional 43-year-old with no known chronic liver disease develops jaundice, a rising INR, hypoglycaemia and subtle confusion after several days of excessive paracetamol exposure.

01 · INITIAL PRESENTATION

Listen for the assumption.

SHO

I planned to repeat the liver tests tomorrow before contacting a liver unit because the patient is still talking normally.

Registrar

Which findings suggest the transfer window may already be narrowing?

SHO

Coagulopathy, hypoglycaemia and altered cognition in acute severe liver injury. We should escalate to critical care and discuss with a transplant unit early.

WHERE IS THE CONSULTANT?

Choose an answer below and reveal the reasoning to see consultant feedback at every checkpoint. The full consultant-led synthesis follows after all three decisions.

Go to the first decision ↓
EVOLVING INFORMATION

The picture develops.

  1. INR continues to rise
  2. Arterial lactate remains elevated after initial resuscitation
  3. The patient becomes intermittently drowsy
02 · DECISION CHECKPOINTS

Commit before you reveal.

After you select an option, reveal the model reasoning and the consultant’s feedback.

DECISION 1What is the safest referral strategy?
DECISION 2Which information most strengthens the first specialist discussion?
DECISION 3What must happen while transfer is considered?
03 · CONSULTANT-LED SYNTHESIS

Hear the senior team refine the plan.

The registrar tests the plan, the consultant synthesises the key principle, and the SHO confirms the safer next steps.

Registrar

I will clarify single versus staggered paracetamol exposure, prescribed and herbal drugs, viral risks and pregnancy where relevant.

Consultant

Good. Trend cognition, glucose, INR, lactate, renal function and urine output closely, and plan a safe transfer before deterioration removes that option.

SHO

I will document the liver-unit advice, thresholds for renewed contact and the transfer decision owner.

CLINORA DECISION TRACE
01 · CUEAcute liver injury with coagulopathy, hypoglycaemia and cognitive change
02 · INTERPRETAcute liver failure with poor-prognosis features
03 · ACTCritical-care management, cause-specific therapy and early transplant-unit discussion
SAFETY CHECK

What must remain explicit.

  • Use current local toxicology and acute-liver-failure protocols.
  • Discuss early with a specialist liver transplant unit.
  • Monitor glucose, consciousness, coagulation, lactate and renal function closely.
COMMON ERRORS

Where reasoning fails.

  • Waiting for deep encephalopathy
  • Reporting isolated liver enzymes without trajectory
  • Allowing referral to interrupt active stabilisation
STRUCTURED HANDOVER
Possible acute liver failure from [cause/timeline], with INR [trend], pH/lactate [trend], glucose [trend], renal function/urine output [details] and consciousness [trend]. Liver-unit advice and transfer status are [details].
REFLECTIVE PAUSE

What information would you prepare before the liver-unit call so the discussion changes management immediately?